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‘She carefully held her granddaughter.’
Adverbs are used to give more information and are used to modify verbs, clauses and other adverbs.
The problem with identifying adverbs is that they can appear in different places in a sentence.
The simplest way to recognise an adverb is through the common ending i.e. –ly.
Examples of –ly adverbs are: slowly, peacefully, unfortunately. Most adverbs are made by adding –ly to adjectives:
Adverbs with verbs
In such cases, the adverbs give us more information about the verb.
‘She quickly entered the room.’
‘He recklessly drove through the city.’
Adverbs with adjectives
In these cases, the adverbs give us more information about the adjective.
The questions were extremely difficult.’
‘I’m extremely sorry about what I did.
Adverbs with adverbs
In these sentences, the first adverb gives us more information about the second.
‘The horse runs incredibly quickly.’
‘She talks exceptionally loudly.’
Adverbs
Sometimes, adverbs can be used to change the entire meaning of a sentence.
‘Unfortunately, I will be out of the office for the next 3 months’.
‘Surprisingly, the team won in the final.’
Some confusing adverbs
We have seen how many adverbs are made by adding –ly to the adjective: week > weekly
Some adverbs are very different from the adjective:
good =adjective / well =adverb
‘She’s a good golfer.’
‘Ram plays golf well.’
Look at the following sentences; both have adverbs:
‘You work hard.’
‘We hardly work.’
Hard, which is an adjective, here it means ‘with a lot of effort.’
Hardly here means ‘very little.’
‘She’s a fast runner.’ – Here fast is an adjective.
Ram runs fast.’ – Here fast is an adverb.
‘It was late at night.’ – Here late is an adjective.
‘They talked late into the night.’ – Here late is an adverb.
Combining clauses
We can join two independent clauses (sentences) together using conjunctive adverbs. Conjunctive adverbs show cause and effect, sequence, contrast, comparison, or other relationships.
The most common of these are:
Accordingly
Afterwards
Also
Consequently
However
Indeed
Likewise
Moreover
Nevertheless
Nonetheless
Otherwise
Similarly
Still
Therefore
When writing, we should use a semi-colon (;) before the conjunctive adverb. And use a comma (,) after the conjunctive adverb.
Let’s take a look at some examples:
‘I wanted to eat a burger; however, my wife wanted pizza.’
‘It had snowed all night; therefore, he decided not to leave the house in dangerous conditions.’
Note: In the following sentence no semicolon is needed because it does not separate two clauses at all. Instead of that, it shows a thought:
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